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EPOC Reviews

As of November 2010, EPOC has published approximately 70 Systematic Reviews and over 40 Protocols for Systematic Reviews. Scroll down to see our titles.

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Alternatives to inpatient mental health care for children and young people

An overview of reviews evaluating the effectiveness of financial incentives in changing healthcare professional behaviours and patient outcomes

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An overview of reviews evaluating the effects of financial incentives in changing healthcare professional behaviours and patient outcomes (protocol)

At-home versus institutional long-term-care for chronic functionally dependent older people (title)

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Audit and feedback versus alternative strategies: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Audit and feedback: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of doctor-nurse substitution strategies in primary care: systematic review of qualitative studies' (title)

Capitation, salary, fee-for-service and mixed systems of payment: effects on the behaviour of primary care physicians

Care home versus hospital and own home environments for rehabilitation of older people

Case management: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes (protocol)

Changes in out-of-pocket payments on utilisation of health care services (protocol)

Chronic disease management programs for adults with asthma (protocol)

Clinical pathways for primary care: effects on professional practice, patient outcomes, care processes, and costs (title)

Clinical pathways: effects on professional practice, patient outcomes, length of stay and hospital costs

Community mobilization for safe motherhood (protocol)

Community-based versus health facility-based management of acute malnutrition for reducing the percentage of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in children 6-59 months of age in low- and middle-income countries (title)

Comprehensive geriatric assessment for older adults admitted to hospital

Computer-generated paper reminders: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes (protocol)

Computerized advice on drug dosage to improve prescribing practice

Consultation liaison in primary practice for mental health problems (protocol)

Continuing education meetings and workshops: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Continuity of care for quality and safety of care and health outcomes (title)

Continuous quality improvement: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes (protocol)

Dental auxiliaries for dental care (title)

Dietary advice given by a dietitian versus other health professional or self-help resources to reduce blood cholesterol

Discharge planning from hospital to home

E-learning for postgraduate health professionals (title)

Educational games for health professionals

Educational outreach visits: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Effect of outpatient pharmacists' non-dispensing roles on patient outcomes and prescribing patterns

Effectiveness of Communities of Practice for Healthcare Settings (title)

Effectiveness of different nursing handover styles for ensuring continuity of information in hospitalised patients (title)

Effectiveness of external inspection of compliance with standards in improving healthcare organisation behaviour, healthcare professional behaviour or patient outcomes

Effectiveness of intermediate care in nursing-led in-patient units

Effectiveness of knowledge translation interventions to improve cancer pain management (protocol)

Effectiveness of organisational infrastructures to promote evidence-based nursing practice

Effectiveness of shared care across the interface between primary and specialty care in chronic disease management

Effectiveness of staffing models in residential, subacute, extended aged care settings on patient and staff outcomes

Effects of changes in the pre-licensure education of health workers on health-worker supply

Effects of interventions aimed at changing the length of primary care physicians' consultation

Effects of interventions implemented to manage dual practice (title)

Electronic retrieval of health information by healthcare providers to improve practice and patient care

Financial arrangements for health systems in low-income countries: an overview of systematic reviews (title)

General health checks for reducing morbidity and mortality from disease (protocol)

Generalist outreach clinics for primary care and rural hospital settings (title)

Governance arrangements for health systems in low-income countries: an overview of systematic reviews (title)

Guideline Dissemination and Implementation Interventions for Allied Health Professionals (title)

Guidelines in professions allied to medicine

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Home visits for community based elderly people (title)

Hospital at home admission avoidance

Hospital at home early discharge

Hospital at home: home-based end of life care

Hospital nurse staffing models and patient and staff-related outcomes

Improving surgical practice - a systematic review of effective education strategies to improve surgical technical skills in operative procedures (protocol)

In-service training for health professionals to improve care of the seriously ill newborn or child in low and middle-income countries (Review)

Institutional versus at-home long term care for functionally dependent older people

Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy for reducing mortality and morbidity and improving health service quality in children under five years of age (title)

Integrated management of childhood illness programmes in middle and low income countries (title)

Integrated use of interventions to improve COPD care in the care continuum (title)

Interprofessional collaboration: effects of practice-based interventions on professional practice and healthcare outcomes

Interprofessional education: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Interventions aimed at improving professional adherence to guidelines for prevention of device-related infections (protocol)

Interventions for hiring, retaining and training district health system managers in low- and middle-income countries (protocol)

Interventions for improving coverage of child immunization in low- and middle-income countries

Interventions for improving healthcare professionals' uptake of evidence based care in pregnancy (title)

Interventions for improving the adoption of shared decision making by healthcare professionals

Interventions for improving the appropriate use of imaging in people with musculoskeletal conditions

Interventions for improving use of standard and transmission-based precautions in patient care (title)

Interventions for increasing the proportion of health professionals practising in rural and other underserved areas

Interventions for managing absenteeism among health workers (protocol)

Interventions for managing the movement of health workers between public and private organizations in low and middle-income countries (title)

Interventions for promoting information and communication technologies adoption in healthcare professionals

Interventions for reducing emergency department waiting time (title)

Interventions for reducing inappropriate blood transfusions (title)

Interventions for reducing medication errors in children in hospital (protocol)

Interventions for reducing medication errors in hospitalized adults (title)

Interventions for reducing preventable drug-related hospital admissions or preventable drug-related morbidity in primary care (protocol)

Interventions for reducing wrong-site surgery (protocol)

Interventions for reducing wrong-site surgery and invasive procedures (title)

Interventions to change the behaviour of health professionals and the organisation of care to promote weight reduction in overweight and obese adults

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Interventions to implement prevention in primary care

Interventions to improve antibiotic prescribing practices for hospital inpatients

Interventions to improve antibiotic prescribing practices in ambulatory care

Interventions to improve continuity of care in the follow-up of patients with cancer (protocol)

Interventions to improve hand hygiene compliance in patient care

Interventions to improve management and health outcomes for children and adults with asthma who present to the emergency department (protocol)

Interventions to improve outcomes in chronic disease in primary care and community settings (title)

Interventions to improve outcomes in patients with multimorbidity in primary care and community settings (protocol)

Interventions to improve outpatient referrals from primary care to secondary care

Interventions to improve question formulation in professional practice and self-directed learning

Interventions to improve the appropriate use of polypharmacy for older people (protocol)

Interventions to improve the management of asthma in primary care settings (protocol)

Interventions to improve the management of diabetes mellitus in primary care, outpatient and community settings

Interventions to improve the use of systematic reviews for clinical and commissioning decision-making (protocol)

Interventions to improve transition of care for adolescents from paediatric services to adult services (title)

Interventions to increase clinical incident reporting in health care (protocol)

Interventions to increase the use of screening and brief intervention programmes for hazardous alcohol consumption by patients in primary care settings (protocol)

Interventions to manage dual practice among health workers

Interventions to optimise prescribing for older people in care homes (protocol)

Interventions to reduce corruption in the health sector (protocol)

Interventions to reduce emigration of health care professionals from low- and middle-income countries

Interventions to reduce waiting lists for elective procedures (protocol)

Lay health workers in primary and community health care for chronic diseases (title)

Lay health workers in primary and community health care for maternal and child health and the management of infectious diseases

Local consensus processes: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes (protocol)

Local opinion leaders: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Managerial supervision to improve primary health care in low- and middle-income countries

Manual paper reminders: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes (protocol)

Marketing Policies: Policies that regulate marketing by drug manufacturers, including direct-to-consumer advertising (title)

Mass media interventions: effects on health services utilisation

Medical day hospital care for the elderly versus alternative forms of care

Medication review of hospitalized patients to prevent morbidity and mortality (protocol)

Microfinance-based interventions for health outcomes in persons of low socio-economic status (protocol)

Mid-level health workers for improving the delivery of health services (title)

Mobile clinics for women's and children's health (title)

Non-clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section

Non-specialist health worker interventions for mental health care in low- and middle- income countries (protocol)

Nursing record systems: effects on nursing practice and healthcare outcomes

On-line retrieval of laboratory results: effects on professional practice and patient outcome (title)

On-site mental health workers delivering psychological therapy and psychosocial interventions to patients in primary care: effects on the professional practice of primary care providers

Organisational and professional interventions to promote the uptake of evidence in emergency care: Effects on professional practice and health outcomes (protocol)

Organising health care services for persons with an intellectual disability

Organized trauma systems and designated trauma centers for improving outcomes in injured patients (title)

Outreach and Early Warning Systems (EWS) for the prevention of Intensive Care admission and death of critically ill adult patients on general hospital wards

Outreach strategies for expanding health insurance coverage in children

Patient reminder and recall systems to improve immunization rates

Patients record systems: effects on dental practice and patient oral health outcomes (protocol)

Paying for performance to improve the delivery of health interventions in low and middle-income countries (protocol)

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of cap and co-payment on rational drug use

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of educational or regulatory policies targeting prescribers (title)

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of financial incentives for prescribers

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of restrictions on reimbursement

Pharmaceutical policies: effects on rational drug use, an overview of 13 reviews (protocol)

Pharmaceutical Policies: Policies that determine which drugs are reimbursed (title)

Policies for regulating drug insurance provision (title)

Pre-hospital emergency pathways for people with suspected stroke (protocol)

Preventive staff-support interventions for health workers

Primary and community health care professionals in hospital emergency departments: effects on process and outcome of care and resources (protocol)

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Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Private versus public strategies for health service provision for improving health outcomes in LMICs (title)

Professional interventions for general practitioners on the management of musculoskeletal conditions (protocol)

Public release of performance data in changing the behaviour of healthcare consumers, professionals or organisations (protocol)

Public stewardship of private for-profit health care in low- and middle-income countries (title)

Sensory environment on health-related outcomes of hospital patients (protocol)

Smart home technologies for health and social care support

Specialist outreach clinics in primary care and rural hospital settings.

Strategies for integrating primary health services in low- and middle-income countries at the point of delivery

Strategies to increase the ownership and use of insecticide treated bednets to prevent malaria (protocol)

Subsidising artemisinin-based combination therapies supplied to the private sector: impact on coverage, uptake and malaria treatment (title)

Substitution of doctors by nurses in primary care

Tailored interventions to overcome identified barriers to change: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Target payments in primary care: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Teaching critical appraisal skills in healthcare settings

Telemedicine versus face to face patient care: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Telephone consultation and triage: effects on health care use and patient satisfaction

The effect of companion animal interventions for improving clinical outcomes in patients (title)

The effect of consolidating acute-care surgery on patient, staff, and resource outcomes (protocol)

The effect of financial incentives on the quality of health care provided by primary care physicians

The effect of pharmacist-provided non-dispensing services on patient outcomes, health service utilisation and costs in low- and middle-income countries (title)

The effect of social franchising on access to and quality of health services in low- and middle-income countries

The effectiveness of policies promoting facility-based deliveries in reducing maternal and infant morbidity and mortality in low and middle-income countries (protocol)

The effectiveness of strategies to change organisational culture to improve healthcare performance

The effects of on-screen, point of care computer reminders on processes and outcomes of care

The impact of conditional cash transfers on health outcomes and use of health services in low and middle income countries

The impact of contracting out on health outcomes and use of health services in low and middle-income countries

The impact of different methods of remuneration on the behaviour of general dental practitioners in primary dental care (title)

The impact of health financing strategies on access to health services in low and middle income countries (protocol)

The impact of risk sharing mechanisms on access to health services in low- and middle-income countries (title)

The impact of user fees on access to health services in low- and middle-income countries

The psychological effects of the physical healthcare environment on healthcare personnel

The use of the exit interview to reduce turnover amongst healthcare professionals

Training interventions for improving telephone consultation skills in clinicians (title)

Wikis in health care: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes (title)

By subtopic:

Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Group (110)

Reviews of specific types of interventions (62)

Continuing education and quality assurance (16)

Distribution of educational materials (2)

Electronic retrieval of health information by healthcare providers to improve practice and patient care

Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Educational meetings (including lectures, workshops and traineeships) (1)

Continuing education meetings and workshops: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Local consensus processes (1)

Local consensus processes: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes (protocol stage)

Educational outreach visits (1)

Educational outreach visits: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Local opinion leaders (1)

Local opinion leaders: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Patient mediated interventions (0)

Audit and feedback (2)

Audit and feedback versus alternative strategies: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Audit and feedback: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Reminders (including computerised decision support systems) (3)

Computer-generated paper reminders: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes (protocol stage)

Manual paper reminders: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes (protocol stage)

The effects of on-screen, point of care computer reminders on processes and outcomes of care

Mass media interventions: effects on health services utilisation

Continuous quality improvement: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes (protocol stage)

Educational games for health professionals

Interprofessional education: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Tailored interventions to overcome identified barriers to change: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Financial interventions (12)

Provider oriented (9)

Fee-for-service (2)

Capitation, salary, fee-for-service and mixed systems of payment: effects on the behaviour of primary care physicians

The effect of financial incentives on the quality of health care provided by primary care physicians

Prepaid (no other description) (0)

Capitation, salary, fee-for-service and mixed systems of payment: effects on the behaviour of primary care physicians

The effect of financial incentives on the quality of health care provided by primary care physicians

Provider salaried service (2)

Capitation, salary, fee-for-service and mixed systems of payment: effects on the behaviour of primary care physicians

The effect of financial incentives on the quality of health care provided by primary care physicians

Prospective payment (0)

Provider incentives (2)

Target payments in primary care: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

The effect of financial incentives on the quality of health care provided by primary care physicians

Institution incentives (0)

Provider grant/allowance (0)

Institution grant/allowance (0)

Provider penalty (0)

Institution penalty (0)

Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies

Patient oriented (3)

Premium (0)

Changes in out-of-pocket payments on utilisation of health care services (protocol stage)

Changes in out-of-pocket payments on utilisation of health care services (protocol stage)

The impact of user fees on access to health services in low- and middle-income countries

Patient incentives (0)

Patient grant/allowance (0)

Patient penalty (0)

Organisational interventions (34)

Provider oriented (17)

Revision of professional roles (0)

Clinical multidisciplinary teams (3)

Effect of outpatient pharmacists' non-dispensing roles on patient outcomes and prescribing patterns

Interprofessional collaboration: effects of practice-based interventions on professional practice and healthcare outcomes

Lay health workers in primary and community health care for maternal and child health and the management of infectious diseases

Formal integration of services (2)

Managerial supervision to improve primary health care in low- and middle-income countries

Strategies for integrating primary health services in low- and middle-income countries at the point of delivery

Skill mix changes (changes in numbers, types or qualifications of staff) (6)

Dietary advice given by a dietitian versus other health professional or self-help resources to reduce blood cholesterol

Effectiveness of staffing models in residential, subacute, extended aged care settings on patient and staff outcomes

Hospital nurse staffing models and patient and staff-related outcomes

On-site mental health workers delivering psychological therapy and psychosocial interventions to patients in primary care: effects on the professional practice of primary care providers

Primary and community health care professionals in hospital emergency departments: effects on process and outcome of care and resources (protocol stage)

Substitution of doctors by nurses in primary care

Continuity of care (2)

Arrangements for follow-up (0)

Case management (including co-ordination of assessment, treatment and arrangements for referral) (2)

Case management: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes (protocol stage)

Effectiveness of shared care across the interface between primary and specialty care in chronic disease management

Satisfaction of providers with the conditions of work and its material and psychic rewards (eg interventions to 'boost morale') (3)

Interventions for managing absenteeism among health workers (protocol stage)

Preventive staff-support interventions for health workers

The use of the exit interview to reduce turnover amongst healthcare professionals

Communication and case discussion between distant health professionals (eg telephone links; telemedicine) (1)

Telemedicine versus face to face patient care: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Patient oriented (2)

Mail order pharmacies (0)

Presence and functioning of adequate mechanisms for dealing with client suggestions and complaints (1)

Strategies to increase the ownership and use of insecticide treated bednets to prevent malaria (protocol stage)

Consumer participation in governance of health care organisation (1)

Community mobilization for safe motherhood (protocol stage)

Structural interventions (15)

Changes in the setting/site of service delivery (9)

Care home versus hospital and own home environments for rehabilitation of older people

Effectiveness of intermediate care in nursing-led in-patient units

Hospital at home admission avoidance

Hospital at home early discharge

Hospital at home: home-based end of life care

Institutional versus at-home long term care for functionally dependent older people

Integrating prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) programmes with other health services for preventing HIV infection and improving HIV outcomes in developing countries

Medical day hospital care for the elderly versus alternative forms of care

Telephone consultation and triage: effects on health care use and patient satisfaction

Changes in physical structure, facilities and equipment (1)

Smart home technologies for health and social care support

Changes in medical record systems (1)

Nursing record systems: effects on nursing practice and healthcare outcomes

Changes in scope and nature of benefits and services (0)

Presence and organisation of quality monitoring mechanisms (1)

Public release of performance data in changing the behaviour of healthcare consumers, professionals or organisations (protocol stage)

Ownership, accreditation, and affiliation status of hospitals and other facilities (0)

Staff organisation (0)

Effects of changes in the pre-licensure education of health workers on health-worker supply

Effects of interventions aimed at changing the length of primary care physicians' consultation

Interventions to manage dual practice among health workers

Regulatory interventions (0)

Changes in medical liability (0)

Management of patient complaints (0)

Peer review (0)

Licensure (0)

Reviews of interventions to improve specific types of practice (38)

Clinical preventive services (2)

Interventions to implement prevention in primary care

Patient reminder and recall systems to improve immunization rates

Test ordering (1)

Interventions for improving the appropriate use of imaging in people with musculoskeletal conditions

Interventions to improve outpatient referrals from primary care to secondary care

Interventions to improve the appropriate use of polypharmacy for older people (protocol stage)

Interventions to optimise prescribing for older people in care homes (protocol stage)

Pre-hospital emergency pathways for people with suspected stroke (protocol stage)

General management of a problem (22)

Alternatives to inpatient mental health care for children and young people

Comprehensive geriatric assessment for older adults admitted to hospital

Effectiveness of knowledge translation interventions to improve cancer pain management (protocol stage)

General health checks for reducing morbidity and mortality from disease (protocol stage)

Interventions aimed at improving professional adherence to guidelines for prevention of device-related infections (protocol stage)

Interventions for increasing the proportion of health professionals practising in rural and other underserved areas

Interventions for reducing preventable drug-related hospital admissions or preventable drug-related morbidity in primary care (protocol stage)

Interventions for reducing wrong-site surgery (protocol stage)

Interventions to change the behaviour of health professionals and the organisation of care to promote weight reduction in overweight and obese adults

Interventions to improve hand hygiene compliance in patient care

Interventions to improve outcomes in patients with multimorbidity in primary care and community settings (protocol stage)

Interventions to improve the appropriate use of polypharmacy for older people (protocol stage)

Interventions to improve the management of asthma in primary care settings (protocol stage)

Interventions to improve the management of diabetes mellitus in primary care, outpatient and community settings

Interventions to increase the use of screening and brief intervention programmes for hazardous alcohol consumption by patients in primary care settings (protocol stage)

Interventions to reduce waiting lists for elective procedures (protocol stage)

Lay health workers in primary and community health care for maternal and child health and the management of infectious diseases

Non-clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section

Organisational and professional interventions to promote the uptake of evidence in emergency care: Effects on professional practice and health outcomes (protocol stage)

Outreach and Early Warning Systems (EWS) for the prevention of Intensive Care admission and death of critically ill adult patients on general hospital wards

Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes

Substitution of doctors by nurses in primary care

Patient education/advice (0)

Professional-patient communication (1)

Interventions for improving the adoption of shared decision making by healthcare professionals

Record keeping (1)

Interventions for promoting information and communication technologies adoption in healthcare professionals

Financial (resource use) (3)

Interventions to reduce corruption in the health sector (protocol stage)

Sensory environment on health-related outcomes of hospital patients (protocol stage)

The impact of health financing strategies on access to health services in low and middle income countries (protocol stage)

Discharge planning (1)

Discharge planning from hospital to home

Patient outcomes (3)

Chronic disease management programs for adults with asthma (protocol stage)

Interventions to improve continuity of care in the follow-up of patients with cancer (protocol stage)

Specialist outreach clinics in primary care and rural hospital settings.

Broad overviews (summaries to provide guidance for different target audiences, such as clinicians, consumers, policy makers, guideline developers, educators etc, eg strategies to introduce clinical practice guidelines) (10)

Effectiveness of organisational infrastructures to promote evidence-based nursing practice

Guidelines in professions allied to medicine

Interventions to improve question formulation in professional practice and self-directed learning

Interventions to improve the use of systematic reviews for clinical and commissioning decision-making (protocol stage)

Interventions to increase clinical incident reporting in health care (protocol stage)

Interventions to reduce emigration of health care professionals from low- and middle-income countries

Organising health care services for persons with an intellectual disability

Professional interventions for general practitioners on the management of musculoskeletal conditions (protocol stage)

Teaching critical appraisal skills in healthcare settings

The effectiveness of strategies to change organisational culture to improve healthcare performance

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